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# ulaval-ppr-principes-fair
---
author: François Pelletier
title: Les principes FAIR
date: 28 novembre 2023
---
# Les principes FAIR
## Objectif
## Getting started
Rendre les données de recherche réutilisables par les individus et les machines.
To make it easy for you to get started with GitLab, here's a list of recommended next steps.
## Enjeux actuels avec les données
Already a pro? Just edit this README.md and make it your own. Want to make it easy? [Use the template at the bottom](#editing-this-readme)!
### Données massives
## Add your files
- Volume
- Variété
- Vélocité
- Véracité
- Valeur
- [ ] [Create](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/repository/web_editor.html#create-a-file) or [upload](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/repository/web_editor.html#upload-a-file) files
- [ ] [Add files using the command line](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/gitlab-basics/add-file.html#add-a-file-using-the-command-line) or push an existing Git repository with the following command:
![donnees-massives.png](donnees-massives.png)
```
cd existing_repo
git remote add origin https://git.jevalide.ca/partage/ulaval-ppr-principes-fair.git
git branch -M main
git push -uf origin main
```
### Complexité des données
## Integrate with your tools
- Multidisciplinaires
- Méthodes et instruments complexes
- Logiciels et matériel requis
- Environnement légal et éthique
- [ ] [Set up project integrations](https://git.jevalide.ca/partage/ulaval-ppr-principes-fair/-/settings/integrations)
### Trouver ce qui existe déjà
## Collaborate with your team
- Trouver un article: 🎯
- Télécharger l'article: 📚, 💸 ou 🐦‍⬛
- Trouver les données qui vont avec: 🧗
- Ouvrir les données: 🤡
- [ ] [Invite team members and collaborators](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/members/)
- [ ] [Create a new merge request](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/merge_requests/creating_merge_requests.html)
- [ ] [Automatically close issues from merge requests](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/issues/managing_issues.html#closing-issues-automatically)
- [ ] [Enable merge request approvals](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/merge_requests/approvals/)
- [ ] [Set auto-merge](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/merge_requests/merge_when_pipeline_succeeds.html)
### Déplacer et stocker les données
## Test and Deploy
À l'Université Laval, nous avons:
Use the built-in continuous integration in GitLab.
- Médias physiques: Livres, Microfiches, VHS, Disques
- Serveurs: Sites web, FTP, GLOBUS, S3, GitLab, Subversion
- Logiciels partagés Microsoft 365: SharePoint, Teams, ...
- [ ] [Get started with GitLab CI/CD](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/quick_start/index.html)
- [ ] [Analyze your code for known vulnerabilities with Static Application Security Testing(SAST)](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/application_security/sast/)
- [ ] [Deploy to Kubernetes, Amazon EC2, or Amazon ECS using Auto Deploy](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/topics/autodevops/requirements.html)
- [ ] [Use pull-based deployments for improved Kubernetes management](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/clusters/agent/)
- [ ] [Set up protected environments](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/environments/protected_environments.html)
## Que signifie FAIR ?
***
- **F**indable (découvrable)
- **A**ccessible (accessible)
- **I**nteroperable (interoperable)
- **R**eusable (réutilisable)
# Editing this README
### Définitions formelles
When you're ready to make this README your own, just edit this file and use the handy template below (or feel free to structure it however you want - this is just a starting point!). Thank you to [makeareadme.com](https://www.makeareadme.com/) for this template.
- FAIR a été défini par Wilkinson, M. D. et al. (2016)
- Le concept d'Open Data est défini par l'Open Knowledge Foundation, via la Définition du Savoir Libre.
## Suggestions for a good README
Every project is different, so consider which of these sections apply to yours. The sections used in the template are suggestions for most open source projects. Also keep in mind that while a README can be too long and detailed, too long is better than too short. If you think your README is too long, consider utilizing another form of documentation rather than cutting out information.
## Qu'est-ce qui est concerné ?
## Name
Choose a self-explaining name for your project.
Tous les actifs numériques produits par des activités de recherche
## Description
Let people know what your project can do specifically. Provide context and add a link to any reference visitors might be unfamiliar with. A list of Features or a Background subsection can also be added here. If there are alternatives to your project, this is a good place to list differentiating factors.
- Données quantitatives et qualitatives
- Figures
- Multimédia
- Texte
- Code informatique
- Protocole de recherche
- Plans et instructions de fabrication
## Badges
On some READMEs, you may see small images that convey metadata, such as whether or not all the tests are passing for the project. You can use Shields to add some to your README. Many services also have instructions for adding a badge.
## Les 4 lettres
## Visuals
Depending on what you are making, it can be a good idea to include screenshots or even a video (you'll frequently see GIFs rather than actual videos). Tools like ttygif can help, but check out Asciinema for a more sophisticated method.
### **F**indable (découvrable)
## Installation
Within a particular ecosystem, there may be a common way of installing things, such as using Yarn, NuGet, or Homebrew. However, consider the possibility that whoever is reading your README is a novice and would like more guidance. Listing specific steps helps remove ambiguity and gets people to using your project as quickly as possible. If it only runs in a specific context like a particular programming language version or operating system or has dependencies that have to be installed manually, also add a Requirements subsection.
- Identifiant unique
- DOI: Digital object identifier
- Pour des actifs numériques de recherche
- [DOI Handbook](https://doi.org/10.1000/182)
- URI: Uniform Resource Identifier:
- Pour tout ce qui est accessible sur le web
- Inclus tous les fichiers et pages web
- S'applique aussi à des concepts et des entités.
- Fondement du web sémantique (web 3.0)
- Métadonnées
- Plus elles sont détaillées, plus elles renseignent les moteurs de recherche
- [Schema.org](https://schema.org/): Guide de métadonnées et vocabulaires
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/): Un exemple de structure
- Indexation
- Dépôts de données
- [Borealis](https://borealisdata.ca/)
- [Dataverse](https://dataverse.org/)
- Moteurs de recherche
- [Google Datasets](https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/)
## Usage
Use examples liberally, and show the expected output if you can. It's helpful to have inline the smallest example of usage that you can demonstrate, while providing links to more sophisticated examples if they are too long to reasonably include in the README.
### **A**ccessible (accessible)
## Support
Tell people where they can go to for help. It can be any combination of an issue tracker, a chat room, an email address, etc.
- Métadonnées
- Normalisées
- Identifiant unique
- Licence d'utilisation
- [Open Database License](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/)
- [Creative Commons License](https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/cclicenses/)
- Protocole d'accès aux métadonnées
- Caractéristiques
- Libre: Aucune restriction d'usage
- Ouvert: Documenté
- Universel: Utilisable avec plusieurs médias
- Permission: Authentification et Autorisation
- Exemples: HTTPS, FTP, Courriel, Téléphone, Poste
- Indépendantes des données
- Si les données expirent ou on reçoit une demande de suppression
- Sensibilité des données (confidentiel)
## Roadmap
If you have ideas for releases in the future, it is a good idea to list them in the README.
### **I**nteroperable (interoperable)
## Contributing
State if you are open to contributions and what your requirements are for accepting them.
- Représentation des connaissances
- Formalisé
- Accessible
- Partagé
- Applicables à plusieurs contextes
- Vocabulaire
- Ontologies
- FAIR aussi
- Références
- Identifiants uniques
- Toile de données
- LOD: Linked Open Data
- Concerne les données et les métadonnées
For people who want to make changes to your project, it's helpful to have some documentation on how to get started. Perhaps there is a script that they should run or some environment variables that they need to set. Make these steps explicit. These instructions could also be useful to your future self.
### **R**eusable (réutilisable)
You can also document commands to lint the code or run tests. These steps help to ensure high code quality and reduce the likelihood that the changes inadvertently break something. Having instructions for running tests is especially helpful if it requires external setup, such as starting a Selenium server for testing in a browser.
- Description riche
- Source
- Références
- Lignage
- Code informatique
- Encodage
- Normes de pratique du domaine
## Authors and acknowledgment
Show your appreciation to those who have contributed to the project.
## Pourquoi appliquer les principes FAIR
## License
For open source projects, say how it is licensed.
### Qualité
## Project status
If you have run out of energy or time for your project, put a note at the top of the README saying that development has slowed down or stopped completely. Someone may choose to fork your project or volunteer to step in as a maintainer or owner, allowing your project to keep going. You can also make an explicit request for maintainers.
- Augmenter la qualité des données de recherche
### Revalorisation
- Créer des collections de données de recherche
### Pérennité
- Assurer la pérennité des résultats de recherche et des publications.
- Reproductibilité
- Autonomie dans l'usage de données de recherche
### Méta-analyses
- L'interopérabilité permet de faire des méta-analyses sans devoir convertir les données dans d'autres formats ou trouver des équivalences de vocabulaire
### Cycle de vie
- Aider les chercheur.es à organiser leurs données tout au long du cycle de vie
- Gestion des consentements
- Facilite l'élaboration de plan de gestion de données
- Mise à jour des résultats
### Transparence
- Favoriser la reddition de compte et la demande de financement public
- Augmenter la valeur et l'impact à long terme de la recherche
- Réduire les rétractations
- Opinion publique
## Références
- Wilkinson, M. D. et al. The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Sci. Data 3:160018 doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18 (2016).
- Open Knowledge Foundation. Définition du Savoir Libre. Version: 1.1 https://opendefinition.org/od/1.1/fr/
- Go FAIR. FAIR Principles
https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/
- OpenAIRE. How to make your data FAIR. https://www.openaire.eu/how-to-make-your-data-fair

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